A course of three lectures and one tutorial per week, together with labora- tory work throughout the year. A preliminary standard equivalent to Higher School Certificate Chemistry will be assumed.
SYLLABUS
(I) Physical Chemistry Gases and Liquids
Kinetic theory of gases. Deviations from Ideal gas behaviour: van der Waals and virial equations. Liquefaction, critical phenomena. Phase equilibria in one-component systems, phase diagrams, metastable phases.
Clausius-Clapeyron equation.
Liquid-vapour two-component systems: ideal and non-Ideal solutions, dis- tillation, lever rule.
Competing Equilibria
Experimental methods of analysis in systems at equilibrium: spectra photometry, conductimetry, potentiometry. Acid-base equilibria: buffer solutions, titration curves, indicators. Soluы lity of solids in acid-base systems.
Electrochemistry
Conductance and its measurement. Ionic conductances. Determination of Ionic concentrations, applications to equilibrium constant determination.
Reversible cells: emf measurements, types of half-cell, Nernst equation.
Use of cells in chemical analysis and equilibrium constant determination.
Cells as sources of energy: fuel cells, storage batteries.
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CHEMISTRY
Thermodynamics
First law: heat and work; calorimetry; functions of state, U and H. Heat capacity. Standard thermodynamic quantities and their tabulation: enthal- pies of formation of pure substances and solutes.
Free energy and second law. Direction of spontaneous chemical and physical changes, reversibility and maximum work. Standard free energies of formation and their application in calculation of equilibrium constants and maximum cell emfs.
Entropy and its definition. Entropy changes in chemical and physical pro- cesses. Standard entropy changes. Molecular interpretation of entropy.
Variation of equilibrium constant with temperature.
Kinetics
Measurement of reaction rate in homogeneous and heterogeneous sys- tems. Rate laws. Effects of temperature, catalysis, and radiation. Simple collision model and reaction mechanism.
(ii) Inorganic Chemistry
Atomic structure and the theory of valency: electrovalent, covalent, co- ordinate hydrogen, metallic and van der Waals bonding.
Structure of solids: influence of bond type on chemical and physical pro- perties and type of structure.
Introduction to co-ordination chemistry: nature of complex compounds, Werner's original experiments, isomerism and stereo-chemistry of com- plex compounds, typical reactions, elementary approach to bonding, prac- tical applications.
(iii) Organic Chemistry
The scope of organic chemistry. Bonding, structure and elementary stereo- chemistry of carbon compounds.
An outline of the chemistry of hydrocarbons and of the major groups of mono-functional compounds in terms of molecular structure and element- ary electronic theory.
LABORATORY WORK Three hours per week, throughout the year, illustra- ting the principles of physical, organic and Inorganic chemistry together with exercises in quantitative and qualitative analysis.
The practical classes for this subject are taken in the Chemistry building.
BOOKS
Preliminary reading:
Pauling L General Chemistry, Freeman
Stranks D R et al Chemistry: A Structural View, MUP 1965
The lectures in Chemistry I will be based on the assumption that all students have read the textbook by Stranks et al.
Prescribed textbooks:
Mackay K M & Mackay R A Introduction to Modern Inorganic Chemis- try, Intertext
De Puy C & Rinehart K Introduction to Organic Chemistry, Wiley 1968 'Departmental Publications. Experiments in Physical Chemistry. Experi-
ments in Organic Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory Manual 1973 eds. (These laboratory handbooks are available only from the Chemistry School)
Aylward G H & Findlay T J V eds S/ Chemical Data, Wiley 1971 t 106
CHEMISTRY Recommended for reference:
Mahan B H University Chemistry, Addison-Wesley Moore W J Physical Chemistry, 4th ed Longmans t
Barrow G M Physical Chemistry, 2nd ed McGraw-Hill 1966 t
Addison W E Structural Principles in Inorganic Compounds, Longmans Basolo F & Johnson R Co-ordination Chemistry, Benjamin 1964
Douglas B E & McDaniel D H Concepts and Models of Inorganic Chemi- stry, Blaisdell 1965
Companion A L Chemical Bonding, McGraw-Hill
Cartmell E & Fowles G W A Valency and Molecular Structure, 3rd ed Butterworth
Harvey K B & Porter G B Introduction to Physical Inorganic Chemistry, Addison-Wesley
Brown R D & O'Donnell T A Manual of Elementary Practical Chemistry, 3rd ed MUP
Allinger N L & Allinger J Structures of Organic Molecules, Prentice-Hall 1965
Morrison R T & Boyd R N Organic Chemistry, 2nd ed Allyn & Bacon 1966
Saunders W H Ionic Aliphatic Reactions. Prentice-Hall 1965
Tedder J M & Nechvatal A Basic Organic Chemistry, 2nd ed Wiley 1966 Sykes P A Guidebook to Mechanism In Organic Chemistry, Longmans
1965
Books marked t are used by students proceeding to Chemistry Il and Chemistry Ill.
EXAMINATION There will be assignments and tests throughout the course and these will be taken into account in determining the can- didate's success in the year's work. The final examination will consist of one 3-hour written paper In Physical Chemistry, one 2-hour written paper In Inorganic Chemistry, and one 2-hour written paper In Organic Chemis- try.
200 LEVEL
The Chemistry School, consisting of the Departments of Physical, Or- ganic and Inorganic Chemistry, offers the following units at the second level. To assist students who wish to choose Chemistry as a major or sub-major study, three categories of course are set out below, designed for students taking respectively a full Chemistry major, Chemistry with a biological science, and Chemistry with Mathematics or another physical science. Courses In these categories have been approved In advance for Chemistry majors and sub-majors. Any student wishing to construct a Chemistry major or sub-major course differing from those set out below must submit his proposed course for approval, to a panel of Chemistry School course advisors at the appropriate time.
Category A
For students majoring in Chemistry only. These students must enrol for a minimum of 20 points in Chemistry, made up as follows:
Physical: 201 + any one of 202-208 (6 points) Organic: 220, 221, 222, 223, 225, 230 (6 points) Inorganic: 240, 242, 243, 245, 250 (6 points) Analytical: 260 (1 point)
together with any one other unit. Note that unit 248 is recommended for students enrolled for 260.
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CHEMISTRY Category В
For students majoring in a biological science, together with Chemistry.
These students must enrol for а minimum of 14 points in Chemistry, made up as follows:
Physical: 201 + any one of 202-208 (6 points) Organic: 220, 221, 224, 225, 230 (5 points) Inorganic: 247 (2 points)
Analytical: 260 (1 point)
Note that there is an approved course corresponding to this at the 300 level.
Category C
For students majoring in Mathematics or another physical science, to- gether with Chemistry. These students must enrol for a minimum of 16 points in Chemistry, made up as follows:
Physical: 201 (5 points)
Organic: 220, 224, 225, 231 (3% points) Inorganic: 241, 242, 244, 246, 250 (5 points) Analytical: 260 (1 point)
together with any two other units. Note that unit 248 is recommended for students enrolled for 260. Note that there is an approved course cor- responding to this one at the 300 level.
Practical Work
Physical: All physical chemistry laboratory work is combined with theory for the purposes of examination. Physical Chemistry prac. is asso- ciated with unit 201 only, and satisfactory completion of the practical course will be necessary before any credit is granted for this unit.
Organic: Separate practical units 230 and 231 are offered. Students who enrol for 4 or more theory points in Organic Chemistry are required to enrol for 230. Students who enrol for 2 or З theory points In Organic Chemistry are required to enrol for 230 or 231. Students enrolled for less than 2 points of Organic Chemistry are not required to enrol Tor 230 or 231.
Inorganic: Separate practical units 250 and 251 are offered. Students who enrol for 4 or more theory points in Inorganic Chemistry are required to enrol for 250. Students who enrol for 2 or 3 theory points in Inorganic Chemistry are required to enrol for 250 or 251 but may apply for exemp- tion if they are concurrently enrolled for 260. Students enrolled for less than 2 theory points in Inorganic Chemistry are not required to enrol for 250 or 251.
Analytical Chemistry: This course consists of 42 hours of practical work. Enrolment in this unit is compulsory for all Science faculty stu- dents enrolled for 10 or more other units of Chemistry. Unit 248 is recommended for students enrolled in this unit.
Agricultural Chemistry: 72 hours of practical work are included within this 8-point unit. Satisfactory completion of this prac. will be necessary before any credit is granted for the unit.
EXAMINATIONS Units may be examined at fixed times throughout the year, and in the examination term at the end of the year. In general, a minimum of 10 200-level Chemistry points must be credited before per- mission will be granted a student to enrol for any 300-level Chemistry points.
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CHEMISTRY PREREQUISITES Prerequisite studies have been specified for certain units and such preparation is to be generally regarded as essential. In exceptional cases, however, permission may be granted by the school to waive such requirements.