DRINKING WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT PLAN

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DRINKING WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT PLAN

ANNUAL REPORT

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1 INTRODUCTION 1

2 DRINKING WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM OVERVIEW 2

3 SOURCE WATER 5

3.1 Source Water Use 5

3.2 Source Water Quality 6

3.2.1 Turbidity 6

3.2.2 Cyanobacteria 6

3.2.3 Semi Volatile Organic Compounds 7

4 WATER TREATMENT 10

4.1 Mackay Treatment 10

4.1.1 Nebo Road Water Treatment Plant 10

4.2 Marian Treatment 11

4.2.1 Marian Water Treatment Plant 11

4.2.2 Marian and Mirani Bores Treatment 12

4.3 Sarina Treatment 12

4.3.1 Armstrong Beach, Bally Keel Bore and Sarina Bores Treatment 12 4.3.2 Transfer of Supply from Mackay to Sarina 13

4.4 Bloomsbury Treatment 13

4.5 Calen Treatment 14

4.6 Eton Treatment 14

4.7 Finch Hatton Treatment 15

4.8 Gargett Treatment 15

4.9 Koumala Treatment 16

4.10 Midge Point Treatment 16

4.11 Water Treatment Plant Performance 16

4.11.1 E. coli 17

4.11.2 Chlorine 18

4.11.3 pH 18

4.11.4 Turbidity 19

4.12 Water Production 19

5 THE RETICULATION NETWORK 19

5.1 Service Reservoirs 20

5.2 Disinfection in the reticulation network 20

5.3 Monitoring water quality in the reticulation network 21 6 VERIFICATION MONITORING 22

6.1 Scheme: Bloomsbury 25

6.2 Scheme: Calen 29

APPENDICES Appendix 1 – E. coli Compliance with Annual Value 6.5 Scheme: Gargett 41

6.6 Scheme: Koumala 45

6.7 Scheme: Mackay 47

6.8 Scheme: Marian 53

6.9 Scheme: Midge Point 59

6.10 Scheme: Sarina 67

7 CAPITAL UPGRADES 71

7.1 Nebo Road WTP Renewals 71

7.2 Water Pump Station Upgrades/Improvements 71

7.3 Bore Pump Station Upgrades/Improvements 71

7.4 Water Main Renewals 71

8 INCIDENTS REPORTED TO THE REGULATOR 71

9 CUSTOMER COMPLAINTS 73

10 DWQMP IMPLEMENTATION 76

11 DWQMP REVIEW 76

12 DWQMP AUDIT 78

13 REFERENCES 78

14 ABBREVIATIONS 79

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2. DRINKING WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM OVERVIEW

Mackay Regional Council’s DWQMP applies to the operation and maintenance of the schemes tabulated in Table 2 - 1.

The location of the water sources and water treatment facilities is shown in Figure 2 - 1 and Figure 2 - 2.

Table 2 - 1 Mackay Regional Council schemes

SCHEME WATER SOURCE TREATMENT FACILITY TOWNS SUPPLIED Bloomsbury Bloomsbury Bore Bloomsbury Water Treatment Plant Bloomsbury

Calen Calen Bores Calen Water Treatment Plant Calen

Kolijo

Eton Eton Bores Eton Water Treatment Plant Eton

Finch Hatton Finch Hatton Bore Finch Hatton Treatment Facility Finch Hatton

Gargett Gargett Bores Gargett Treatment Facility Gargett

Pinnacle

Koumala Koumala Bores Koumala Treatment Facility Koumala

Mackay Dumbleton Weir

Nebo Road Water Treatment Plant Mackay Walkerston Mackay Bores

Marian

Marian Weir Marian Water Treatment Plant

Marian Mirani Marian Bores Marian Bores Treatment Facility

Mirani Bore Mirani Bore Treatment Facility Midge Point Proserpine River

(Crystal Brook Bores) Midge Point Treatment Facility Midge Point Laguna Quays

Sarina

Armstrong Beach Bore Armstrong Beach Bore Treatment Facility Sarina

Alligator Creek Freshwater Point Sarina Beach Armstrong Beach Grasstree Beach Hay Point Bally Keel Bore Bally Keel Bore Treatment Facility

Sarina Bores Sarina Bores Treatment Facility

Water from our Marian Water Treatment Plant was named Australia’s best tasting tap water in 2019.

1. INTRODUCTION

This is the Drinking Water Quality Management Plan (DWQMP) report for Mackay Regional Council for the financial year (FY) 2019 – 2020.

Mackay Regional Council is a registered service provider with identification (SPID) number 489. Council is operating under an approved DWQMP to ensure consistent supply of safe quality drinking water in order to protect public health.

This is done through proactive identification and minimisation of public health related risks associated with drinking water.

This DWQMP report includes:

• the activities undertaken over the financial year in operating council’s drinking water service;

• drinking water quality summary; and

• summary of council’s performance in implementing the approved DWQMP.

This report is submitted to the Regulator to fulfil council’s regulatory requirement, and is also made available to

customers through council’s website or for inspection upon request at council’s administration office.

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Figure 2 - 1 Water source locations Figure 2 - 2 Water treatment facility locations

Armstrong Beach Bore Bally KeelBore Bloomsbury

Bore

Calen Bores Crystal

Brook Bores

EtonBores Finch

Hatton

Bore Gargett

Bores

Koumala Bores Mackay Bores Marian

Bores Mirani Bore

Sarina Bores Dumbleton

Weir Marian

Weir Whitsunday Regional

Council

Mackay Regional Council

Isaac Regional Council

Legend Bores Weirs Main Roads MRC Boundary Watercourse

Bloomsbury WTP

Calen WTP

Eton WTP Finch

Hatton TF

Gargett TF

Koumala Bores TF NeboRd WTP Marian

Bores TF Mirani Bore TF

Marian WTP Midge

Point TF

Armstrong Beach Bore TF Bally Keel Bore TF

Sarina Bores TF

Whitsunday Regional Council

Mackay Regional Council

Isaac Regional Council

Legend Treatment Facilities Main Roads MRC Boundary Watercourse

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3.2.1 Turbidity

Turbidity is a measure of the light-scattering property of water caused by the presence of fine suspended matter such as clay, silt, plankton and other microscopic organisms. The turbidity of surface waters increases during wet weather when particles from the soil surface are washed into waterways and waterway bed sediment is re-suspended.

An increase in turbidity for raw surface water sources for Nebo Road Water Treatment Plant (WTP) and Marian WTP (i.e. water taken from weirs along the Pioneer River) was noted in FY 2019 – 2020 during wet weather events. When the turbidity in the raw surface water source for Nebo Road WTP reaches a certain level, it is difficult to treat the water.

In these instances, Nebo Road WTP switched to using the Mackay bores as the raw water source.

3.2.2 Cyanobacteria

Cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) occurs in all natural waters and becomes a problem only when present in excessive numbers (blooms). Blooms are likely to occur when temperatures are high, with long sunny days, high levels of plant nutrients in the water, low stream flows, and calm conditions that permit the cells to migrate to the surface. In addition, eutrophication (nutrient enrichment) associated with increased agriculture and urbanisation can increase the occurrence of cyanobacterial blooms.

Dumbleton and Marian Weir, located along the Pioneer River, occasionally experience blue-green algae blooms. Council undertakes regular monitoring of blue-green algae in the raw water sources for Nebo Road WTP and Marian WTP which take water from these weirs.

Concentrations of blue-green algae (cyanobacteria total cells) for FY 2019 – 2020 are graphed in Figure 3 - 2.

Cyanobacteria total cell results for Nebo Rd WTP raw water were consistently less than 1000 cells/mL (similar to those for FY 2018-2019) and did not indicate blue green algae blooms occurred at Dumbleton Weir. Cyanobacteria total cell results for Marian WTP raw water indicate there was one blue-green algae bloom in January 2020 at Marian Weir when the cyanobacteria total cell result reached 12,180 cells/mL. Cyanobacteria total cell results for Marian WTP Raw Water in FY 2019 -2020 were overall reduced compared to those for 2018-2019.

3. SOURCE WATER

3.1 SOURCE WATER USE

Mackay Regional Council’s main sources of water are from the Dumbleton and Marian Weirs. These weirs are located on the Pioneer River and are owned and operated by SunWater. Council sources water from Dumbleton and Marian weirs under water allocations which are subject to announced allocations set by SunWater.

All other sources of water for council’s drinking water supply schemes come from groundwater bores. Council generally has authority to take water from these groundwater bores through water licences or water allocations set by the Department of Natural Resources, Mines and Energy (DNRME). Council has authorisation to take water from groundwater bores located on the banks of Cattle Creek (Gargett Bores) and Proserpine River (Midge Point Crystal Brook Bores) through SunWater supply contracts.

The consumption and maximum volume of water available (under water licence/allocation/supply contract) for Mackay Regional Council water sources for the FY 2019-2020 are shown in Figure 3-1.

3.2 SOURCE WATER QUALITY

Mackay Regional Council undertakes an extensive water sampling and analysis program to monitor water quality for its raw water sources. The raw water monitoring requirements are captured in the operating monitoring component of the drinking water monitoring program. The program adequately assesses the quality of source waters and helps to identify any issues that could affect the drinking water supply. The parameters routinely monitored within the raw water sources are detailed in Table 3 - 1. Key water quality parameters are further discussed in the sections below.

Bloomsbury Bore Calen Bores Eton Bores Finch Hatton Bore Gargett Bores Koumala Bores Dumbleton Weir Mackay Bores (Zone 12A) Mackay Bores (Zone 15B) Marian Weir Marian Bores Mirani Bore Proserpine River Armstrong Beach Bore Bally Keel Bore Sarina Bores

22 62 46 60 35 15,900 390 1020 560 95 100 2700 230 150 300 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 120%

19/20 FY Water Consumption

W ater V olume (M L)

Maximum Volume Available 7

34 49 27

23 13

12,029

304.5 1014.8 512 34.9

1.5 156 0 0.02 1

Figure 3 - 1 Water source consumption and maximum volume available for FY 2019 - 2020

MICROBIOLOGICAL PHYSICAL CHEMICAL

E. coli Temperature Alkalinity

Total Coliforms pH Chlorophyll-a*

Heterotrophic Plate Count Conductivity Anions and Cations

Enterococci Turbidity Semi Volatile Organic Compounds (SVOCs)

Algae (incl. cyanobacteria)* Dissolved Oxygen Metals

Colour - True Total Organic Carbon

Nutrients (e.g. Ammonia, NOx, Ortho-Phosphate)

* for surface water sources only

Table 3 - 1 Parameters routinely monitored in raw water sources

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0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000 14,000

Cyanobacteria Total Cells (cells/mL)

Nebo Road WTP Raw Water Marian WTP Raw Water

SAMPLE POINT

MONTH ATRAZINE DIURON HEXAZINONE METOLACHLOR

ADWG HEALTH VALUE ≤20 ≤20 ≤400 ≤300

Marian WTP

Raw Water Jul-19 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001

Aug-19 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 Sep-19 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 Oct-19 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 Nov-19 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 Dec-19 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001

Jan-20 0.1688 0.6946 0.2664 <0.0001

Feb-20 0.5803 0.8689 0.3430 <0.0001

Mar-20 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 Apr-20 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 May-20 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 Jun-20 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 Marian WTP

Treated Water

Jul-19 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 Aug-19 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 Sep-19 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 Oct-19 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 Nov-19 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 Dec-19 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 Jan-20 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 Feb-20 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 Mar-20 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 Apr-20 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 May-20 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 Jun-20 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001

3.2.3 Semi Volatile Organic Compounds

A large portion of the council area is utilised for sugarcane agriculture. The application of herbicides and pesticides as part of sugar cane cultivation is common practice. The potential for herbicides and pesticides to flow into waterways or leach into aquifers has been identified as a drinking water risk. Council undertakes regular Semi Volatile Organic Compound (SVOC) monitoring in raw water sources. The parameters which form part of the SVOC analytical suite are detailed in Table 3 - 2. This analytical suite covers a range of herbicides and pesticides which are used in the Mackay region.

During FY 2019-2020 SVOCs were detected at times in the Nebo Road WTP and Marian WTP raw water sources and Nebo Road WTP treated water samples. The SVOCs detected were Atrazine, Diuron, Hexazinone and Metolachlor.

As shown in Table 3 - 3 and Table 3 - 4 the levels detected were all well below the Australian Drinking Water Guidelines (ADWG) health values.

2.3.4.6-tetrachlorophenol Anthracene Dinoseb Naphthalene

2.4.5-Trichlorophenol Atrazine Diuron Naphthalene, 1-methyl-

2.4.6-Trichlorophenol Azinphos methyl Endosulphan alpha Naphthalene, 2-methyl-

2.4-Dichlorophenol Benz(a)anthracene Endosulphan beta Omethoate

2.4-Dimethylphenol Benzo(a)pyrene Endosulphan Sulphate Pentachlorophenol

2.4-Dinitrophenol Benzo(b)fluoranthene Endrin Phenanthrene

2.6-Dichlorophenol Benzo(g.h.i)perylene Endrin aldehyde Phenol

2-Chlorophenol Benzo(k)fluoranthene Endrin ketone Pirimiphos methyl

2-Methylphenol Beta-BHC Ethion Profenofos

2-Nitrophenol Bromacil Fluoranthene Prometryn

3- & 4-Methylphenol Caffeine Fluorene Propazine

4.4`.DDD Chlordane cis Heptachlor Propyzamide

4.4`-DDE Chlordane trans Heptachlor Epoxide Prothiofos

4.4`-DDT Chlorpyrifos Hexazinone Pyrazophos

4.6-Dinitro-2-methylphenol Chrysene Indeno(1.2.3.cd)pyrene Pyrene

4-Chloro-3-Methylphenol delta-BHC Lindane Simazine

4-Nitrophenol Demeton-S-methyl Malathion Tebuthiuron

Acenaphthene Diazinon Methamidophos Terbutryn

Acenaphthylene Dibenz(a.h)anthracene Methidathion Tolclofos-methyl

Aldrin Dichlorvos Methoxychlor Trifluralin

Alpha-BHC Dieldrin Metolachlor

Ametryn Dimethoate Metribuzin

Table 3 - 3 Marian WTP raw and treated water SVOC results FY 2019-2020

Table 3 - 2 Semi Volatile Organic Compounds (SVOCs)

Figure 3 - 2 Raw water cyanobacteria results FY 2019 – 2020

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SAMPLE POINT

MONTH ATRAZINE DIURON HEXAZINONE METOLACHLOR

ADWG HEALTH VALUE ≤20 ≤20 ≤400 ≤300

Nebo Road WTP Raw Water

Jul-19 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 Aug-19 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 Sep-19 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 Oct-19 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 Nov-19 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 Dec-19 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 Jan-20 0.3379-1.9032 0.6390-0.8305 0.2514-0.6722 0.1270

Feb-20 1.2140 1.3931 0.5474 <0.0001

Mar-20 <0.0001 0.9426 <0.0001 <0.0001 Apr-20 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 May-20 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 Jun-20 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 Nebo Road

WTP Treated Water

Jul-19 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 Aug-19 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 Sep-19 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 Oct-19 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 Nov-19 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 Dec-19 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 Jan-20 0.0978-0.1604 0.0774 0.1164-0.2529 <0.0001 Feb-20 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 Mar-20 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 Apr-20 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 May-20 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 Jun-20 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001

Table 3 - 4 Nebo Road WTP raw and treated water SVOC results FY 2019-2020 4. WATER TREATMENT

4.1 MACKAY TREATMENT

4.1.1 Nebo Road Water Treatment Plant

The Nebo Road Water Treatment Plant (WTP) is located approximately three kilometres to the south-west of the Mackay CBD on land adjoining the Mackay Regional Botanic Gardens. It is council’s largest WTP.

The WTP has the design capacity to treat 75 ML of water per day. The plant treats raw water sourced from the Dumbleton Weir on the Pioneer River and water from groundwater bores located in close proximity to the plant. In FY 2019-2020 approximately 93 per cent of the water was sourced from the weir. The remaining 7 per cent was sourced from bores. Water from the Nebo Road WTP supplies the Mackay and Sarina water supply scheme.

The treatment process used at Nebo Road WTP is shown in Figure 4-1.

Raw Water Source -

Dumbleton Weir pH Adjustment

Powder Activated Carbon

Coagulation and Flocculation

Clarification

Transport Pipelines

Chlorination Service Reservoirs

pH Adjustment

Filtration Raw Water Source - Mackay Bores

Customers

Figure 4 - 1 Water supply process from raw water source to Nebo Road WTP to customers’ taps

Rechlorination

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4.2 MARIAN TREATMENT

4.2.1 Marian Water Treatment Plant

Marian WTP is located on Anzac Avenue approximately 30 kilometres west of Mackay. The WTP was commissioned in February 2015 and has the capacity to treat 4 ML of water per day. The Marian WTP supplies the townships of Marian and Mirani.

The treatment processes used at Marian WTP are shown in Figure 4 - 2.

Raw Water Source -

Marian Weir pH Adjustment

Powder Activated Carbon

Coagulation and Flocculation

Clarification

Transport Pipelines

Chlorination Customers

pH Adjustment

Filtration

Service Reservoirs

Figure 4 - 2 Water supply process from raw water source to Marian WTP to customers’ taps

4.3 SARINA TREATMENT

4.3.1 Armstrong Beach, Bally Keel Bore and Sarina Bores Treatment

Sarina’s only treatment for the groundwater bore sources is disinfection. The treatment processes for Armstrong Beach Bore, Bally Keel Bore and Sarina Bores treatment facilities are shown in Figure 4 - 5, Figure 4 - 6 and Figure 4 - 7.

4.2.2 Marian and Mirani Bores Treatment

Prior to commissioning of the Marian WTP, the sole source of raw water for Marian and Mirani was from groundwater bores. The groundwater bores are now only used as an emergency backup during high demand or event circumstances.

The treatment process for Marian and Mirani bores is shown in Figure 4 - 3 and Figure 4 - 4.

Raw Water Source - Marian Bores

Raw Water Source - Armstrong Beach Bore

Raw Water Source - Mirani Bore

Chlorination

Chlorination Chlorination

Transport Pipelines

Transport Pipelines Transport Pipelines

Customers

Customers Customers Service Reservoir

Service Reservoir Service Reservoir

Figure 4 - 3 Water supply process from raw water source to Marian Bores Treatment Facility to customers’ taps

Figure 4 - 5 Water supply process from raw water source to Armstrong Beach Bore Treatment Facility to customers’ taps

Figure 4 - 4 Water supply process from raw water source to Mirani Bore Treatment Facility to customers’ taps

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Raw Water Source -

Eton Bores Ion Exchange

Softener pH Adjustment Chlorination Transport Pipelines Customers

4.3.2 Transfer of supply from Mackay to Sarina

Sarina’s groundwater sources contribute only a small amount to the water supply scheme. Almost all the water sourced for the Sarina scheme (>99 per cent for FY 2019-2020) comes from the Mackay scheme via an interconnecting pipeline. Water has been supplied to Sarina from this interconnecting pipeline through a connection at Alligator Creek balance tank, since March 2015.

4.4 BLOOMSBURY TREATMENT

The treatment process at Bloomsbury WTP involves chlorination and filtration as shown in Figure 4 - 8.

Raw Water Source - Bally Keel Bore

Raw Water Source - Sarina Bores

Chlorination

Transport Pipelines

Transport Pipelines Customers

Customers

Service Reservoir

Figure 4 - 6 Water supply process from raw water source to Bally Keel Bore Treatment Facility to customers’ taps

Figure 4 - 8 Water supply process from raw water source to Bloomsbury WTP to customers’ taps

Figure 4 - 7 Water supply process from raw water source to Sarina Bores Treatment Facility to customers’ taps

Service Reservoir

4.5 CALEN TREATMENT

The groundwater pumped from the Calen bores may either flow through the ion exchange softener or flow down the softener bypass. The two streams, the softened water and the bypass water, are combined after the softener and undergo chlorination. The treatment process for Calen WTP is shown in Figure 4 - 9.

4.6 ETON TREATMENT

The treatment process for Eton involves chlorination, pH adjustment and the use of an ion exchange softener (see Figure 4 - 10).

Figure 4 - 9 Water supply process from raw water source to Calen WTP to customers’ taps

Figure 4 - 10 Water supply process from raw water source to Eton WTP to customers’ taps

Raw Water Source - Calen Bores

Softener bypass

Ion Exchange

Softener Chlorination Service Reservoir Transport Pipelines Customers

Raw Water Source -

Bloomsbury Bore Chlorination Filtration Clear Water Tank Transport Pipelines Customers

Softener bypass Service Reservoir

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4.8 GARGETT TREATMENT

Gargett’s only treatment process is chlorination as presented in Figure 4 - 12.

4.7 FINCH HATTON TREATMENT

Finch Hatton’s only treatment process is chlorination as presented in Figure 4 - 11.

Raw Water Source -

Gargett Bores Chlorination Transport Pipelines Customers

Figure 4 - 12 Water supply process from raw water source to Gargett Treatment Facility to customers’ taps

Service Reservoir Raw Water Source -

Finch Hatton Bore Chlorination Transport Pipelines Service Reservoir Customers

Figure 4 - 11 Water supply process from raw water source to Finch Hatton Treatment Facility to customers’ taps

4.10 MIDGE POINT TREATMENT

Midge Point’s only treatment process is chlorine gas dosing for disinfection and oxidisation of the iron and manganese in the source water. Figure 4 - 14 provides an overview of the Midge Point treatment process.

4.11 WATER TREATMENT PLANT PERFORMANCE

Extensive monitoring of process operations is required to ensure systems are operating within performance limits.

Nebo Road WTP, Marian WTP, Bloomsbury WTP, Eton WTP and a number of council’s treatment facilities contain online analysers to enable continuous monitoring of key water quality parameters. This allows changes in water quality to be quickly identified and addressed. In addition, on-site bench tests and regular NATA laboratory monitoring for treated water is performed and involves analysis of a range of parameters including, but not limited to E. coli, chlorine, pH, turbidity and colour.

4.9 KOUMALA TREATMENT

Koumala’s only treatment process is chlorination as presented in Figure 4 - 13.

Raw Water Source -

Koumala Bores Chlorination Transport Pipelines Service Reservoir Customers

Figure 4 - 13 Water supply process from raw water source to Koumala Treatment Facility to customers’ taps

Raw Water Source -

Crystal Brook Bores Chlorination Transport Pipelines Customers

Figure 4 - 14 Water supply process from raw water source to Midge Point Treatment Facility to customers’ taps

Service Reservoir Rechlorination

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Table 4 - 1 shows a comparison of ADWG values and the average treated water quality values for key parameters at council’s WTPs and treatment facilities from laboratory analysis conducted during FY 2019 – 2020. The ADWG includes two different types of guideline values:

• a health value, which is the concentration or measure of a water quality characteristic that, based on present knowledge, does not result in any significant risk to the health of the consumer over a lifetime of consumption

• an aesthetic value, which is the concentration or measure of a water quality characteristic that is associated with acceptability of water to the consumer; for example, appearance, taste and odour.

Key treated water quality parameters are further discussed in the sections below.

4.11.1 E. coli

Microbiological quality is the most important factor in determining the ongoing safety of water supplies for human consumption. The microbiological indicator bacterium E. coli is used as a marker for the presence of faecal contamination and the possible presence of microbiological pathogens.

The ADWG states that E. coli should not be detected in any 100 mL sample of drinking water. If detected in drinking water, immediate action should be taken including investigation of potential sources of faecal contamination.

During FY 2019 – 2020 there was no E. coli detected in the treated water leaving council’s WTPs or treatment facilities.

TREATMENT PLANT /

DISINFECTION FACILITY* E.coli (MPN/

100mL) Free Residual Chlorine (mg/L)

Total Chlorine

(mg/L)

pH

(pH units) Turbidity

(NTU) Colour - True (TCU)

ADWG Aesthetic Value - - ≤0.6 6.5-8.5 ≤5 ≤15

ADWG Health Value <1 - ≤5 - - -

Nebo Road WTP <1 1.61 1.75 7.08 0.25 <1

Marian WTP <1 1.61 1.72 7.26 0.23 <1

Bloomsbury WTP <1 1.24 1.37 7.19 0.28 <1

Calen WTP <1 0.35 0.47 6.93 0.43 1.33

Eton WTP <1 0.83 0.85 7.53 0.66 <1

Finch Hatton Treatment Facility <1 1.1 1.17 7.2 0.21 <1

Gargett Treatment Facility <1 0.97 1.02 6.73 0.31 <1

Koumala Treatment Facility <1 1.23 1.3 7.48 0.33 <1

Midge Point Treatment Facility <1 1.89 2.04 6.77 0.82 3.08

- no current ADWG aesthetic or health guideline value

* final treated water quality for Armstrong Beach Bore, Bally Keel Bore and Sarina Bores treatment facilities is not available for FY 2019 – 2020 as treated water samples were not taken due to lack of use.

Table 4 - 1 Average final treated water quality at WTPs and treatment facilities FY 2019 – 2020

4.11.2 Chlorine

All drinking water treated by council’s WTPs and treatment facilities is disinfected with chlorine. Chlorine is a common drinking water disinfectant used to kill bacteria and inactivate viruses. The ADWG health guideline for total chlorine is 5 mg/L. The ADWG aesthetic guideline for total chlorine is 0.6 mg/L and is based on an odour threshold.

The average total chlorine for treated water leaving council’s WTPs and treatment facilities in FY 2019-2020 ranged from 0.47mg/L to 2.04 mg/L. The highest average treated water total chlorine for FY 2019-2020 was at Midge Point Treatment Facility. A high target for chlorine is set for a number of council’s treatment plants and disinfection facilities so that an effective disinfectant residual is maintained throughout the outer extremities of the distribution network. This protects against recontamination from pipeline breaks and other causes.

4.11.3 pH

The average pH of treated water from council’s WTPs and treatment facilities ranged from 6.73 to 7.53 during FY 2019-2020. The ADWG states chlorine disinfection efficiency is impaired above pH 8.0 and that when pH is below 6.5 water may corrode plumbing fitting and pipes.

Sodium hydroxide can be used, if needed, to increase the pH of the river and/or filtered water at Nebo Rd WTP and Marian WTP. Increasing the pH of the river water can help achieve optimum coagulation conditions prior to clarification.

Increasing the pH of the filtered water can reduce the corrosivity of the water, improving stability.

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0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4

Bloomsbury Calen Eton Finch Hatton Gargett Koumala Mackay Marian Midge Point Sarina

Free Chlorine Residual (mg/L)

Wate Supply Scheme

Awards received include:

• Top drop at the 2018 Ixom Best of the Best Queensland Water Taste Test for water from Nebo Road WTP

• Australia’s best at the 2019 Ixom Best Tasting Tap Water Competition for water from Marian WTP

• Silver in the municipal water category at the 2020 Berkeley Springs International Water Tasting for water from the Marian WTP.

5.1 SERVICE RESERVOIRS

Service reservoirs provide storage for drinking water in the reticulation network. Storage of drinking water enables council to provide a continuity of supply to customers in the event of a water treatment facility being non-operational or when a peak in demand arises which exceeds the available output from the treatment facility. Reservoirs are frequently monitored as part of council’s drinking water monitoring program. Parameters routinely monitored at reservoirs are outlined in Table 5 - 1. Results for all parameters monitored at council reservoirs in FY 2019-2020 are displayed in Section 6.

5. THE RETICULATION NETWORK

Mackay Regional Council operates and maintains 40 service reservoirs, 36 water pump stations and over 1200 kilometres of water pipelines within the reticulation network. This infrastructure is maintained and closely monitored to ensure the community receives high quality drinking water at their tap. Ensuring safe and aesthetically pleasing water is delivered to customers is a priority for council. Mackay Regional Council has in fact been recognised in recent years on a State, National and International level for the great taste of our tap water supplied to customers.

4.11.4 Turbidity

Turbidity measures the cloudiness of water caused by fine suspended matter. As a guide, water with a turbidity of 5 NTU appears slightly muddy or milky whilst “crystal-clear” water usually has a turbidity of less than 1 NTU.

Continuous monitoring of turbidity at Nebo Road WTP and Marian WTP is undertaken and is used as an indicator of filter performance. Filtration is an essential part of the treatment process at Nebo Road WTP and Marian WTP as it is the last physical solids removal step in the treatment train, thus it is important for removing contaminants such as pathogens which are resistant to chlorine such as Giardia and Cryptosporidium cysts.

The ADWG states “Where filtration alone is used as the water treatment process to address identified risks from

Cryptosporidium and Giardia, it is essential that filtration is optimised and consequently the target for the turbidity of water leaving individual filters should be less than 0.2 NTU, and should not exceed 0.5 NTU at any time”. During FY 2019 – 2020 the average turbidity of treated water from Nebo Road WTP and Marian WTP was 0.25 NTU and 0.23 NTU respectively.

4.12 WATER PRODUCTION

The volume of water produced during FY 2019 – 2020 across council’s WTPs and treatment facilities is presented in Table 4 - 2. The majority of the water produced in FY 2019 - 2020 (13,347 ML or 94 per cent) was produced by Nebo Road WTP.

SCHEME TREATMENT FACILITY WATER PRODUCED (ML)

Bloomsbury Bloomsbury WTP 7

Calen Calen WTP 34

Eton Eton WTP 49

Finch Hatton Finch Hatton Treatment Facility 27

Gargett Gargett Treatment Facility 23

Koumala Koumala Treatment Facility 13

Mackay Nebo Road WTP 12,298

1049^

Marian Marian WTP 512

Marian Bores/Mirani Bore Treatment Facilities 36

Midge Point Midge Point 156

Sarina Bally Keel Bore Treatment Facility 0.02

Sarina Bores Treatment Facility 1

^ volume transferred from Nebo Road WTP to Sarina water supply scheme Table 4 - 2 Water production volumes FY 2019 - 2020

5.2 DISINFECTION IN THE RETICULATION NETWORK

Re-chlorination systems are implemented within Mackay Regioal Council’s Mackay, Midge Point and Sarina reticulation networks to ensure that disinfection of drinking water is maintained and safe drinking water is supplied to customers.

Re-chlorination systems are set up at locations within the reticulation network where historical water quality data has provided evidence of low-to-nil free chlorine residual in the drinking water. The presence of free chlorine residual in drinking water indicates that the water has been fully disinfected. Lack of or low free chlorine residual increases the risk to consumers if contamination does occur, as the water does not have the capacity to disinfect additional contamination.

Re-chlorination systems are operated to ensure the free chlorine residual in the drinking water is maintained at a level which confirms full disinfection to the extremities of the water network. The average free chlorine residual recorded in each reticulation network for FY 2019-2020 is presented in Figure 5 - 1.

MICROBIOLOGICAL PHYSICAL

E. coli Free Chlorine Residual

Total Coliforms Total Chlorine Heterotrophic Plate Count

Table 5 - 1 Parameters routinely monitored at reservoirs

Figure 5 - 1 Average free chlorine residual FY 2019-2020

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MICROBIOLOGICAL PHYSICAL CHEMICAL

E. coli Temperature Total Organic Carbon

Total Coliforms pH Alkalinity

Heterotrophic Plate Count Conductivity Anions

Turbidity Cations

Dissolved Oxygen Metals

Colour - True Trihalomethanes Free and Total Chlorine Oxyhalides

Semi Volatile Organic Compounds (SVOCs)

5.3 MONITORING WATER QUALITY IN THE RETICULATION NETWORK

As part of council’s commitment to providing high quality water to the community, council undertakes a comprehensive drinking water monitoring program. During FY 2019 – 2020, 79 drinking water sites located across the reticulation networks for all ten of council’s drinking water schemes were sampled. Designated sample taps and boxes have been installed for the majority of the drinking water sites (see Figure 5 - 2). Samples collected from within the reticulation network as part of the drinking water monitoring program are analysed for a range of microbiological, chemical and physical parameters as detailed in Table 5 - 2. Results for all parameters monitored throughout council’s reticulation networks in FY 2019 – 2020 are displayed in Section 6.

Table 5 - 2 Parameters routinely monitored in the reticulation network Figure 5 - 2 Water sample box

6. VERIFICATION MONITORING

The purpose of drinking water verification monitoring is to assess that the barriers and preventive measures implemented to safeguard public health are working effectively. Verification monitoring confirms water quality at the point of supply, compliance with water quality criteria and identifies deficiencies in existing preventative or control measures.

Council’s verification monitoring requirements are captured in the drinking water monitoring program included as an appendix to the DWQMP. Council’s NATA accredited Scientific and Analytical Services (SAS) arrange for the collection and analysis of drinking water samples required as part the verification monitoring program. Except for trihalomethanes (which are analysed by Townsville Water Laboratory (TWL)), all verification monitoring analysis is undertaken by SAS.

A summary of the verification monitoring results for FY 2019 – 2020 is presented in the following tables:

• Table 6 - 2 Bloomsbury WTP – final water quality data summary

• Table 6 - 3 Bloomsbury reticulation water quality data summary

• Table 6 - 4 Calen WTP – final water quality data summary

• Table 6 - 5 Calen reticulation water quality data summary

• Table 6 - 6 Eton WTP – final water quality data summary

• Table 6 - 7 Eton reticulation water quality data summary

• Table 6 - 8 Eton reservoir water quality data summary

• Table 6 - 9 Finch Hatton treatment facility – final water quality data summary

• Table 6 - 10 Finch Hatton reticulation water quality data summary

• Table 6 - 11 Gargett treatment facility – final water quality data summary

• Table 6 - 12 Gargett reticulation water quality data summary

• Table 6 - 13 Gargett reservoir water quality data summary

• Table 6 - 14 Koumala treatment facility – final water quality data summary

• Table 6 - 15 Nebo Road WTP - final water quality data summary

• Table 6 - 16 Mackay reticulation water quality data summary

• Table 6 - 17 Mackay reservoirs water quality data summary

• Table 6 - 18 Marian WTP – final water quality data summary

• Table 6 - 19 Marian reticulation water quality data summary

• Table 6 - 20 Marian reservoirs water quality data summary

• Table 6 - 21 Midge Point treatment facility - final water quality data summary

• Table 6 - 22 Midge Point reticulation water quality data summary

• Table 6 - 23 Midge Point Balance Tank water quality data summary

• Table 6 - 24 Midge Point reservoir water quality data summary

• Table 6 - 25 Sarina reticulation water quality data summary

• Table 6 - 26 Sarina reservoir water quality data summary

The verification monitoring summary tables include the ADWG health values to enable comparison between the ADWG health value and the corresponding parameters’ results. It should be noted that dissolved metal results have been compared to total metal ADWG health values.

Testing for E. coli as part of the verification monitoring program allows for assessment against drinking water standards outlined in the Public Health Regulation 2005. The Public Health Regulation 2005 requires that 98% of samples taken in a 12 month period should contain no E. Coli. This requirement is referred to as the ‘annual value’ in Schedule 3A of the regulation.

All of council’s drinking water supply schemes in the FY 2019 – 2020 met the required annual value as shown in Table 6 - 1. As shown in Table 6-1, 100% of samples complied with the nil E. coli standard in FY 2019 – 2020.

The annual value calculation sheets for each scheme have been supplied in Appendix 1.

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MONTH

% of samples which comply with the nil E. coli standard

B LOOMSB U R Y C ALE N E TO N FI NCH H AT TON GAR G ETT K O U MALA MA C KA Y MAR IAN MID GE P O IN T SAR INA

July -19 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%

August -19 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%

September -19 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%

October -19 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%

November -19 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%

December -19 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%

January - 20 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%

February - 20 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%

March - 20 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%

April - 20 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%

May - 20 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%

June - 20 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%

Table 6 - 1 Rolling 12 month annual value E. coli compliance FY 2019 – 2020

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6.1 SCHEME: BLOOMSBURY

ANALYTE UNIT OF

MEASURE LIMIT OF

REPORTING LABORATORY NAME

ADWG HEALTH

VALUE

NUMBER OF SAMPLES

TAKEN MINIMUM MAXIMUM MEAN Microbiological

E. coli MPN/100mL 1 SAS 0 26 <1 <1 <1

Heterotroph cfu/mL 1 SAS - 26 <1 15 1.15

Total Coliforms cfu/100mL 1 SAS - 26 <1 <1 <1

Physical

Free Chlorine Residual mg/L 0.02 SAS - 26 0.71 2.01 1.24

Total Chlorine mg/L 0.02 SAS ≤5 26 0.79 2.13 1.37

Temperature °C 0.1 SAS - 13 20.8 30.8 26.3

pH pH unit 0 - 14 SAS - 13 6.64 7.4 7.19

Conductivity µS/cm 10 SAS - 13 420 660 551.77

Turbidity NTU 0.1 SAS - 13 0.21 0.45 0.28

Dissolved Oxygen % Sat 0 - 110 SAS - 13 58.3 88.7 77.12

Colour – True TCU 1 SAS - 13 <1 3 <1

Total Organic Carbon mg/L 0.3 SAS - 13 0.83 2.52 1.46

Inorganic

Alkalinity mg/L 1 SAS - 13 99.92 157.62 129.82

Bicarbonate mg/L 0.1 SAS - 13 117.63 185.6 152.95

Carbonate mg/L 0.1 SAS - 13 <0.1 0.2 0.12

Hydroxide mg/L 0.1 SAS - 13 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1

Free Carbon Dioxide mg/L 0.1 SAS - 13 7.94 56.61 19.8

Fluoride mg/L 0.1 SAS ≤1.5 13 <0.1 0.14 0.07

Chloride mg/L 0.005 SAS - 13 68 122.38 93.56

Nitrate mg/L 0.015 SAS ≤50 13 0 0.42 0.17

Nitrite mg/L 0.004 / 0.4 SAS ≤3 13 <0.004 <0.4 <0.4

Bromide mg/L 0.015 / 0.4 SAS - 13 <0.015 <0.4 <0.4

Sulphate mg/L 0.02 SAS ≤500 13 0.51 4.04 1.76

Phosphate mg/L 0.015 SAS - 13 <0.015 1.48 0.16

Calcium mg/L 0.5 SAS - 13 27.41 49.53 40.62

Potassium mg/L 0.5 SAS - 13 1.01 2.21 1.47

Magnesium mg/L 0.5 SAS - 13 10.46 20.3 16.29

Sodium mg/L 1 SAS - 13 33.13 52.64 43.16

Hardness mg/L 0.25 SAS - 13 111.53 207.26 168.43

Larson Index LI 0 SAS - 13 0.93 1.5 1.07

Metals

Aluminium (Dissolved) µg/L 5 SAS - 5 <5 <5 <5

Aluminium (Total) µg/L 5 SAS - 8 <5 7.78 <5

Antimony (Dissolved) µg/L 0.5 SAS ≤3 5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Antimony (Total) µg/L 0.5 SAS ≤3 8 <0.5 2.21 <0.5

Arsenic (Dissolved) µg/L 0.5 SAS ≤10 5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Arsenic (Total) µg/L 0.5 / 1 SAS ≤10 8 <1 <1 <1

Barium (Dissolved) µg/L 1 SAS ≤2,000 5 34.54 47.92 39.85

Barium (Total) µg/L 1 SAS ≤2,000 8 32.12 60.25 47.73

Beryllium (Dissolved) µg/L 0.5 SAS ≤60 5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Beryllium (Total) µg/L 0.5 SAS ≤60 8 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Boron (Dissolved) µg/L 5 SAS ≤4,000 5 <5 16.08 10.02

Boron (Total) µg/L 5 SAS ≤4,000 8 12.32 24.72 17.79

Cadmium (Dissolved) µg/L 0.1 SAS ≤2 5 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1

Cadmium (Total) µg/L 0.1 SAS ≤2 8 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1

Chromium (Dissolved) µg/L 0.1 SAS ≤50 5 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1

Chromium (Total) µg/L 0.1 SAS ≤50 8 <0.1 0.22 <0.1

Cobalt (Dissolved) µg/L 0.2 SAS - 5 <0.2 <0.2 <0.2

Cobalt (Total) µg/L 0.2 SAS - 8 <0.2 <0.2 <0.2

Copper (Dissolved) µg/L 1 SAS ≤2,000 5 18.39 26.82 22.3

Copper (Total) µg/L 1 SAS ≤2,000 8 19.78 40.28 29.67

Iron (Dissolved) µg/L 2 SAS - 5 <2 5.84 3.36

Iron (Total) µg/L 1 SAS - 8 9.06 55.87 30.99

Lead (Dissolved) µg/L 0.5 SAS ≤10 5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Lead (Total) µg/L 1 SAS ≤10 8 <1 <1 <1

Manganese (Dissolved) µg/L 1 SAS ≤500 5 <1 1.11 <1

Manganese (Total) µg/L 1 SAS ≤500 8 <1 14.16 7.73

Mercury (Dissolved) µg/L 0.5 SAS ≤1 2 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Mercury (Total) µg/L 0.05 SAS ≤1 1 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05

Molybdenum (Dissolved) µg/L 1 SAS ≤50 5 <1 1.1 <1

Molybdenum (Total) µg/L 1 SAS ≤50 8 <1 1.76 <1

Nickel (Dissolved) µg/L 0.5 SAS ≤20 5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Nickel (Total) µg/L 0.5 SAS ≤20 8 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Selenium (Dissolved) µg/L 5 SAS ≤10 5 <5 <5 <5

Selenium (Total) µg/L 5 SAS ≤10 8 <5 <5 <5

Silver (Dissolved) µg/L 0.1 SAS ≤100 5 <0.1 0.39 0.13

Silver (Total) µg/L 0.1 SAS ≤100 8 <0.1 0.55 0.12

Strontium (Dissolved) µg/L 1 SAS - 5 305.74 346.83 327.96

Strontium (Total) µg/L 1 SAS - 8 204.87 380.32 330.88

Thallium (Dissolved) µg/L 0.5 SAS - 5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Thallium (Total) µg/L 0.5 SAS - 8 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Thorium (Dissolved) µg/L 0.5 SAS - 5 <0.5 6.73 2.94

Tin (Dissolved) µg/L 1.0 SAS - 5 <1.0 1.31 <1.0

Tin (Total) µg/L 1 SAS - 8 <1.0 3.8 1.29

Titanium (Dissolved) µg/L 0.5 SAS - 5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Titanium (Total) µg/L 0.5 SAS - 8 <0.5 3.82 0.76

Uranium (Dissolved) µg/L 0.5 SAS ≤17 5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Uranium (Total) µg/L 0.5 SAS ≤17 8 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Vanadium (Dissolved) µg/L 0.1 SAS - 5 <0.1 0.16 <0.1

Vanadium (Total) µg/L 0.1 SAS - 8 <0.1 2.02 0.32

Zinc (Dissolved) µg/L 1 SAS - 5 <1 5.14 2.5

Zinc (Total) µg/L 1 SAS - 8 3.43 7.91 5.04

Oxyhalides

Chlorate µg/L 50 SAS - 2 <50 <50 <50

Chlorite µg/L 50 SAS ≤800 2 <50 <50 <50

Bromate µg/L 50 SAS ≤20 2 <50 <50 <50

Trihalomethanes

Bromodichloromethane µg/L 5 TWL ≤250 1 44 44 44

Bromoform µg/L 5 TWL ≤250 1 <5 <5 <5

Chloroform µg/L 5 TWL ≤250 1 29 29 29

Dibromochloromethane µg/L 5 TWL ≤250 1 30 30 30

Trihalomethanes (Total) µg/L 20 TWL ≤250 1 103 103 103

SVOCs

All SVOCs µg/L 0.0001 SAS various 2 ≤0.0001 ≤0.0001 ≤0.0001

Table 6 - 2 Bloomsbury WTP – final water quality data summary

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Table 6 - 3 Bloomsbury reticulation water quality data summary

ANALYTE UNIT OF

MEASURE LIMIT OF

ADWG HEALTH

VALUE

NUMBER OF SAMPLES

E. coli MPN/100mL 1 SAS 0 26 <1 <1 <1

Physical

pH pH unit 0 - 14 SAS - 13 6.68 7.56 7.16

Total Organic Carbon mg/L 0.3 SAS - 13 1 2.72 1.57

Inorganic

Fluoride mg/L 0.1 SAS ≤1.5 13 <0.1 0.15 0.07

Chloride mg/L 0.005 SAS - 13 68.85 121.38 94.57

Nitrate mg/L 0.015 SAS ≤50 13 0 0.39 0.16

Nitrite mg/L 0.004 / 0.4 SAS ≤3 13 <0.004 0.23 0.03

Bromide mg/L 0.015 / 0.4 SAS - 13 <0.015 <0.4 <0.4

Sulphate mg/L 0.02 SAS ≤500 13 0.54 4.12 1.79

Phosphate mg/L 0.015 / 0.5 SAS - 13 <0.015 1.59 0.2

Calcium mg/L 0.5 SAS - 13 25.28 49.16 40.03

Potassium mg/L 0.5 SAS - 13 0.98 2.68 1.65

Sodium mg/L 1 SAS - 13 33.44 51.93 42.93

Hardness mg/L 0.25 SAS - 13 103.23 206.72 166.78

Metals

Aluminium (Total) µg/L 5 SAS - 8 <5 <5 <5

Antimony (Total) µg/L 0.5 SAS ≤3 8 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Barium (Total) µg/L 1 SAS ≤2,000 8 32.74 58.88 46.47

Boron (Dissolved) µg/L 5 SAS ≤4,000 5 <5 16.37 9.77

Cadmium (Total) µg/L 0.1 SAS ≤2 8 <0.1 0.12 <0.1

Chromium (Dissolved) µg/L 0.1 SAS ≤50 5 <0.1 0.13 <0.1

Chromium (Total) µg/L 0.1 SAS ≤50 8 <0.1 0.2 <0.1

Iron (Dissolved) µg/L 2 SAS - 5 <2 9.31 4.55

Lead (Total) µg/L 1 SAS ≤10 8 <1 1.36 <1

Manganese (Dissolved) µg/L 1 SAS ≤500 5 <1 1.79 <1

Manganese (Total) µg/L 1 SAS ≤500 8 1.23 14.6 7.86

Molybdenum (Dissolved) µg/L 1 SAS ≤50 5 <1 <1 <1

Nickel (Dissolved) µg/L 0.5 SAS ≤20 5 <0.5 0.6 <0.5

Nickel (Total) µg/L 0.5 SAS ≤20 8 <0.5 0.84 <0.5

Silver (Dissolved) µg/L 0.1 SAS ≤100 5 <0.1 0.27 <0.1

Tin (Dissolved) µg/L 1.0 SAS - 5 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0

Tin (Total) µg/L 1 SAS - 8 <1.0 1.78 <1.0

Titanium (Total) µg/L 0.5 SAS - 8 <0.5 0.81 <0.5

Vanadium (Dissolved) µg/L 0.1 SAS - 5 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1

Vanadium (Total) µg/L 0.1 SAS - 8 <0.1 0.15 <0.1

Zinc (Dissolved) µg/L 1 SAS - 5 1.5 8.1 3.51

Zinc (Total) µg/L 1 SAS - 8 2.19 23.45 6.94

Oxyhalides

Chlorate µg/L 50 SAS - 2 <50 2,940.11 1,478.31

Chlorite µg/L 50 SAS ≤800 2 <50 <50 <50

Bromate µg/L 50 SAS ≤20 2 <50 <50 <50

Trihalomethanes

Bromodichloromethane µg/L 5 TWL ≤250 1 50 50 50

Bromoform µg/L 5 TWL ≤250 1 <5 <5 <5

Chloroform µg/L 5 TWL ≤250 1 34 34 34

Dibromochloromethane µg/L 5 TWL ≤250 1 36 36 36

Trihalomethanes (Total) µg/L 20 TWL ≤250 1 120 120 120

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6.2 SCHEME: CALEN

Table 6 - 4 Calen WTP – final water quality data summary

ANALYTE UNIT OF

MEASURE

LIMIT OF REPORTING

LABORATORY NAME

ADWG HEALTH

VALUE

NUMBER OF SAMPLES

E. coli MPN/100mL 1 SAS 0 4 <1 <1 <1

Total Coliforms cfu/100mL 1 SAS - 4 <1 9 2.5

Physical

pH pH unit 0 - 14 SAS - 4 6.54 7.25 6.93

Dissolved Oxygen % Sat 0 - 110 SAS - 4 50 59.6 54.43

Colour – True TCU 1 SAS - 4 <1 3 1.33

Total Organic Carbon mg/L 0.3 SAS - 4 <0.3 0.75 <0.3

Inorganic

Fluoride mg/L 0.01 SAS ≤1.5 4 0.11 0.17 0.13

Chloride mg/L 0.005 SAS - 4 82.23 108.97 99.69

Nitrate mg/L 0.015 SAS ≤50 4 19.25 21.13 19.93

Nitrite mg/L 0.004 SAS ≤3 4 <0.004 0.99 0.25

Bromide mg/L 0.015 SAS - 4 <0.015 0.2 0.14

Sulphate mg/L 0.02 SAS ≤500 4 3.54 4.61 4.25

Phosphate mg/L 0.015 SAS - 4 <0.015 0.4 0.18

Calcium mg/L 0.5 SAS - 4 34.37 39.76 36.62

Potassium mg/L 0.5 SAS - 4 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Sodium mg/L 1 SAS - 4 67.17 73.49 69.35

Hardness mg/L 0.25 SAS - 4 232.74 270.6 250.56

Metals

Aluminium (Total) µg/L 5 SAS - 2 <5 <5 <5

Barium (Dissolved) µg/L 1 SAS ≤2,000 2 <1 <1 <1

Barium (Total) µg/L 1 SAS ≤2,000 2 <1 1.14 <1

Boron (Dissolved) µg/L 5 SAS ≤4,000 2 6.67 17.76 12.21

Cadmium (Total) µg/L 0.1 SAS ≤2 2 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1

Chromium (Dissolved) µg/L 0.1 SAS ≤50 2 0.32 0.33 0.33

Chromium (Total) µg/L 0.1 SAS ≤50 2 0.85 3.14 1.99

Copper (Total) µg/L 1 SAS ≤2,000 2 6.59 10 8.3

Iron (Dissolved) µg/L 2 SAS - 2 <2 <2 <2

Lead (Total) µg/L 1 SAS ≤10 2 <1 <1 <1

Manganese (Dissolved) µg/L 1 SAS ≤500 2 <1 <1 <1

Manganese (Total) µg/L 1 SAS ≤500 2 <1 1.57 <1

Molybdenum (Total) µg/L 1 SAS ≤50 2 <1 <1 <1

Nickel (Total) µg/L 0.5 SAS ≤20 2 <0.5 4.81 2.49

Silver (Dissolved) µg/L 0.1 SAS ≤100 2 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1

Silver (Total) µg/L 0.1 SAS ≤100 2 <0.1 0.12 <0.1

Thorium (Dissolved) µg/L 0.5 SAS - 2 1.6 1.81 1.71

Tin (Total) µg/L 1 SAS - 2 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0

Titanium (Total) µg/L 0.5 SAS - 2 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Vanadium (Dissolved) µg/L 0.1 SAS - 2 24.36 24.38 24.37

Vanadium (Total) µg/L 0.1 SAS - 2 25.52 25.81 25.66

Zinc (Total) µg/L 1 SAS - 2 <1 3.59 1.96

Oxyhalides

Chlorate µg/L 50 SAS - 1 <50 <50 <50

Chlorite µg/L 50 SAS ≤800 1 <50 <50 <50

Bromate µg/L 50 SAS ≤20 1 <50 <50 <50

SVOCs

All SVOCs µg/L 0.0001 SAS various 2 ≤0.0001 ≤0.0001 ≤0.0001

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Table 6 - 5 Calen reticulation water quality data summary

ANALYTE UNIT OF

MEASURE LIMIT OF

ADWG HEALTH

VALUE

NUMBER OF SAMPLES

E. coli MPN/100mL 1 SAS 0 52 <1 <1 <1

Physical

pH pH unit 0 - 14 SAS - 26 6.41 7.46 7.12

Total Organic Carbon mg/L 0.3 SAS - 26 <0.3 0.98 0.34

Inorganic

Alkalinity mg/L 1 SAS - 26 217 242.5 229.3

Fluoride mg/L 0.01 / 0.1 SAS ≤1.5 26 <0.01 0.17 0.1

Chloride mg/L 0.005 SAS - 26 80.76 114.35 101.21

Nitrate mg/L 0.015 SAS ≤50 26 13.14 22.54 20.35

Nitrite mg/L 0.004 / 0.4 SAS ≤3 26 <0.004 2.09 0.14

Bromide mg/L 0.015 / 0.4 SAS - 26 <0.015 0.31 <0.4

Sulphate mg/L 0.02 SAS ≤500 26 3.68 5.14 4.44

Phosphate mg/L 0.015 / 0.5 SAS - 26 <0.015 0.51 0.21

Calcium mg/L 0.5 SAS - 26 31.79 45.09 37

Potassium mg/L 0.5 SAS - 26 <0.5 1.96 <0.5

Sodium mg/L 1 SAS - 26 57.37 88.31 69.62

Hardness mg/L 0.25 SAS - 26 211.88 300.21 245.33

Metals

Aluminium (Total) µg/L 5 SAS - 18 <5 17.4 5.28

Barium (Total) µg/L 1 SAS ≤2,000 18 <1 2.76 2.07

Boron (Dissolved) µg/L 5 SAS ≤4,000 8 10.25 19.21 16.65

Cadmium (Total) µg/L 0.1 SAS ≤2 18 <0.1 0.16 <0.1

Chromium (Dissolved) µg/L 0.1 SAS ≤50 8 0.34 1.05 0.53

Chromium (Total) µg/L 0.1 SAS ≤50 18 0.26 1 0.52

Iron (Dissolved) µg/L 2 SAS - 8 <2 <2 <2

Iron (Total) µg/L 1 SAS - 18 <1 5.84 1.98

Lead (Dissolved) µg/L 0.5 SAS ≤10 8 0.6 1.12 0.79

Lead (Total) µg/L 1 SAS ≤10 18 <1 1.42 <1

Manganese (Dissolved) µg/L 1 SAS ≤500 8 <1 <1 <1

Manganese (Total) µg/L 1 SAS ≤500 18 <1 3.7 <1

Nickel (Total) µg/L 0.5 SAS ≤20 18 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Silver (Dissolved) µg/L 0.1 SAS ≤100 8 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1

Tin (Total) µg/L 1 SAS - 18 <1.0 1.23 <1.0

Titanium (Total) µg/L 0.5 SAS - 18 <0.5 0.82 <0.5

Vanadium (Dissolved) µg/L 0.1 SAS - 8 23.14 25.81 24.58

Vanadium (Total) µg/L 0.1 SAS - 18 19.14 25.9 24.44

Zinc (Total) µg/L 1 SAS - 18 3 29.96 11.61

Oxyhalides

Chlorate µg/L 50 SAS - 2 <50 <50 <50

Chlorite µg/L 50 SAS ≤800 2 <50 <50 <50

Bromate µg/L 50 SAS ≤20 2 <50 <50 <50

Trihalomethanes

Bromodichloromethane µg/L 5 TWL ≤250 2 <5 <5 <5

Bromoform µg/L 5 TWL ≤250 2 <5 6 <5

Chloroform µg/L 5 TWL ≤250 2 <5 <5 <5

Dibromochloromethane µg/L 5 TWL ≤250 2 <5 <5 <5

Trihalomethanes (Total) µg/L 20 TWL ≤250 2 <20 <20 <20

DRINKING WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT PLAN